The Role of Vitamin D in Endometrial Receptivity for Successful Implantation

Nur Fadilah

doi:10.59141/-.v8i1.497

Authors

Nur Fadilah Rumah Sakit Tk. IV dr. Yanto, Sp.OT

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59141/-.v8i1.497

Keywords:

Vitamin D, Endometrial Receptivity, Embryo Implantation, Assisted Reproductive Technology

Abstract

Successful embryo implantation depends on endometrial receptivity during the implantation window, which involves gene regulation, decidualization, and local immune modulation. Vitamin D has received attention due to the expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the endometrium and its role in regulating receptor gene transcription. To review the scientific evidence regarding the association of vitamin D levels with endometrial receptivity and implantation outcomes in assisted reproductive technology (ART). A literature review was conducted through a systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect (2020–2026). Observational human studies assessing vitamin D levels on endometrial parameters or pregnancy outcomes were included; eight studies met the criteria. Vitamin D plays a role in the regulation of HOXA10, HAND2, decidualization, and the tolerogenic immune balance. However, clinical outcomes are heterogeneous; some studies show benefits primarily in deficiency states, while others find no significant associations with implantation rate or live birth rate. Vitamin D has the potential to be a permissive factor in endometrial receptivity, but it is not a primary determinant of implantation success.

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